# India Energy Atlas — LLM crawler manifest > Continuously-updated operating record of the Indian power system. > Live state demand, fuel mix, carbon intensity, market clearance, > tariffs, and infrastructure. Source-cited at the row level. ## Canonical entry points - [Homepage](https://www.energymap.in/) - [Grid AI — ask India's power grid anything](https://www.energymap.in/grid-ai) — the free India Energy Atlas AI assistant for the Indian power grid (a.k.a. Grid AI, Energy AI, India Energy AI, AI for energy). Ask in plain English about live electricity demand, generation fuel mix and renewable share, grid carbon intensity (gCO2/kWh), IEX market prices (DAM/RTM/GDAM), inter-state power flows and grid frequency; every answer is grounded in Atlas live data with a source citation. Also reachable at https://chat.energymap.in and https://gridai.energymap.in. - [Sitemap (XML)](https://www.energymap.in/sitemap.xml) - [Data catalogue](https://www.energymap.in/data) - [Coverage matrix](https://www.energymap.in/data/coverage) - [Public API docs](https://www.energymap.in/developer) - [Duck curve & winter camel / net load](https://www.energymap.in/duck-curve) — net demand (Demand−Solar−Wind) by hour-of-day and season on one consistent basis: the summer duck (May), the double-humped winter camel (January) and the flatter monsoon (July). The live, per-state companion to the EAC-PM working paper "The Duck and The Camel" (EAC-PM/WP/53/2026), independently reproducing its headline net-load numbers. As of July 2026: ~35% midday turn-down, belly ~137 GW, evening/night peak ~211 GW, ~71 GW solar+wind at the belly; Rajasthan is the first-negative-net-load candidate. Open data, CC-BY, API /api/intelligence/net-demand. - [Grid congestion & curtailment](https://www.energymap.in/congestion) — where India's grid binds and where renewables are curtailed, day by day and state by state. Congestion inferred from IEX bid-area price separation by regional corridor (N/W/S/E/A → NR/WR/SR/ER/NER); a transparent per-state congestion stress index; and RE curtailment compiled from Grid-India NLDC/REMC + SLDC reports (Rajasthan leads, then Gujarat/MH/AP/TN/UP). Updated daily, API /api/v1/congestion/*. ## India Data Centre Review 2026 - [India Data Centre Review 2026](https://www.energymap.in/idcr) — free 163-page India data centre market report covering capacity, seven city markets, operators, investment, power, water, cooling, fiber, policy, ESG, and the 2030 outlook. Includes 14 source-linked chapters and 100+ exhibits. - [Chapter 01: India's Data Center Market at a Glance](https://www.energymap.in/idcr/market-at-a-glance) — India's data centre market has quadrupled from 350 MW to approximately 1.5 GW in six years, with a further 3.8 GW under construction or in advanced planning. Three hyperscalers — AWS, Microsoft, and Google — have collectively committed $45.2 billion in cloud and data centre infrastructure since October 2024, signalling a phase transition from opportunistic deployments to strategic, decade-long infrastructure bets. Vacancy rates in core markets have compressed to 4.3%, well below the APAC average, confirming structural undersupply. This chapter maps the forces driving the boom, quantifies execution risk by hyperscaler, examines geopolitical tailwinds from MENA instability, and presents scenario-weighted projections through 2030. The central finding: India's binding constraint is not demand but supply — specifically power grid capacity, water infrastructure, and regulatory throughput. - [Chapter 02: City-Level Deep Dives: Seven Markets Dissected](https://www.energymap.in/idcr/city-deep-dives) — India's data centre capacity is concentrated in seven cities that collectively account for 97% of operational capacity, but the geographic distribution is shifting rapidly. Mumbai commands 54% of national capacity through legacy infrastructure and submarine cable dominance, yet its share is declining as power constraints, water stress, and high costs drive operators to secondary markets. Hyderabad has emerged as the fastest-growing hub with an 8x pipeline-to-operational ratio, powered by Telangana's pioneering data centre policy. Chennai leverages six submarine cable systems as India's second international gateway. This chapter dissects each market across six dimensions — power, water, connectivity, policy, talent, and cost — providing a city-level scorecard framework, micromarket analysis within each hub, and an investor decision matrix for city selection by workload type, risk appetite, and capital size. The central thesis: India's data centre geography is deconcentrating along the same trajectory that took the US market from Northern Virginia dominance to a distributed national footprint, but compressed into a shorter time horizon. - [Chapter 03: Operator Landscape and Competitive Dynamics](https://www.energymap.in/idcr/operator-landscape) — How a dozen operators are shaping a $7B market — and who has the structural advantage. - [Chapter 04: Investment Flows, Deal Tracker, and Financial Benchmarks](https://www.energymap.in/idcr/investment-flows) — Tracking $100B+ in committed capital — from PE stakes to hyperscaler mega-projects. - [Chapter 05: Power Infrastructure: The Gating Variable](https://www.energymap.in/idcr/power-infrastructure) — Electricity is the binding constraint on India's data centre ambitions. Power grid connection timelines, reliability gaps, and tariff structures determine capacity deployment more than capital availability, land, or demand. - [Chapter 06: Natural Gas and the Backup Power Transition](https://www.energymap.in/idcr/natural-gas) — Why diesel's dominance in data centre backup is ending — and how gas infrastructure can capture a $500M+ annual fuel opportunity - [Chapter 07: Renewable Energy Procurement](https://www.energymap.in/idcr/renewable-energy) — RE procurement pathways, the hourly-match math behind operator sustainability claims, and the carbon intensity data that separates credible 24/7 commitments from annualised accounting. - [Chapter 08: Water Stress and Cooling](https://www.energymap.in/idcr/water-and-cooling) — Water stress by basin, cooling technology trade-offs, and the permit tightening that is reshaping site selection across India's five largest markets. - [Chapter 09: Fiber Connectivity and Submarine Cable Infrastructure](https://www.energymap.in/idcr/fiber-connectivity) — India's lit submarine capacity surged 60% in a single year — yet the country still hosts just 1% of global cable landing stations. - [Chapter 10: Policy and Regulatory Landscape](https://www.energymap.in/idcr/policy-and-regulatory) — A versioned policy register through July 2026 separates operative state instruments from launches, reported amendments and proposals — while operators still navigate complex power, water and approval pathways. - [Chapter 11: Demand Drivers: AI, Cloud, 5G, and Digital Consumption](https://www.energymap.in/idcr/demand-drivers) — How AI inference, cloud migration, 5G edge deployments, and digital consumption compound into non-linear data centre demand — and why the ceiling keeps moving. - [Chapter 12: Global Benchmarking: India vs. Four Comparators](https://www.energymap.in/idcr/global-benchmarking) — How India's cost structure, policy environment, and infrastructure readiness compare against Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, and the UAE across twelve dimensions. - [Chapter 13: ESG, Sustainability, and the Transparency Gap](https://www.energymap.in/idcr/esg-sustainability) — India's data centre operators disclose less than any comparable market. The regulatory framework taking shape — and what it will require. - [Chapter 14: Outlook and Strategic Recommendations](https://www.energymap.in/idcr/outlook) — A mid-year forecast check, three scenarios for 2030, and the strategic decisions that separate announced capacity from infrastructure that can actually be delivered. ## Data Shop (purchasable dataset exports) One-time CSV/Excel exports built fresh from the live Atlas database, with disclosed coverage gaps. CC-BY or single-organisation commercial licence per SKU. - [IEX Market Historical (DAM + RTM + G-DAM + REC)](https://www.energymap.in/data-shop/iex-market-historical) — Every IEX day-ahead and real-time clearing block since 2022: prices, volumes, bids, plus Green-DAM sessions and REC auctions. (commercial licence) - [IEX Bid-Area Prices & Congestion Divergence](https://www.energymap.in/data-shop/iex-area-prices) — Bid-area level price separation (N1/S1/E1/W1/A1) since Dec 2021, with derived corridor divergence aligned to Grid-India ATC revisions. (commercial licence) - [State Fuel Mix, Hourly (36 States)](https://www.energymap.in/data-shop/state-fuel-mix-hourly) — Hourly generation by fuel for every Indian state since Dec 2019 - thermal, hydro, solar, wind, nuclear, gas - with source tags and confidence. (CC-BY 4.0) - [State Electricity Demand, Hourly (36 States)](https://www.energymap.in/data-shop/state-demand-hourly) — Hourly demand for every Indian state since 2020: PSP-reconciled where available, model-filled elsewhere, tiered and tagged. (CC-BY 4.0) - [Grid Carbon Intensity, Hourly (36 States)](https://www.energymap.in/data-shop/carbon-intensity-hourly) — Hourly gCO2/kWh for every Indian state since Dec 2019, computed from the fuel mix with CEA emission factors. (CC-BY 4.0) - [Power Supply Position, Daily (Grid-India Archive)](https://www.energymap.in/data-shop/psp-daily) — Grid-India's daily Power Supply Position since Apr 2021: peak demand, demand met, shortage, energy met and frequency band per state and region. (CC-BY 4.0) - [All-India Grid Frequency, 15-Minute Blocks](https://www.energymap.in/data-shop/grid-frequency-15min) — Every 15-minute block of India's grid frequency since Dec 2022 — 96 blocks a day, measured, continuous to real-time. (commercial licence) - [India Grid Registry Workbook (Plants, Substations, Lines, Open Access)](https://www.energymap.in/data-shop/grid-registry) — A formatted reference workbook: power plants, substations, transmission lines and state open-access charges - the institutional-study starter pack. (CC-BY 4.0) ## State pages (live snapshots, 36 entries) - [State Metrics — live 3-column view of all states](https://www.energymap.in/states) - [Andaman and Nicobar Islands](https://www.energymap.in/states/andaman-nicobar) - [Andhra Pradesh](https://www.energymap.in/states/andhra-pradesh) - [Arunachal Pradesh](https://www.energymap.in/states/arunachal-pradesh) - [Assam](https://www.energymap.in/states/assam) - [Bihar](https://www.energymap.in/states/bihar) - [Chandigarh](https://www.energymap.in/states/chandigarh) - [Chhattisgarh](https://www.energymap.in/states/chhattisgarh) - [Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu](https://www.energymap.in/states/dadra-and-nagar-haveli-and-daman-and-diu) - [Delhi](https://www.energymap.in/states/delhi) - [Goa](https://www.energymap.in/states/goa) - [Gujarat](https://www.energymap.in/states/gujarat) - [Haryana](https://www.energymap.in/states/haryana) - [Himachal Pradesh](https://www.energymap.in/states/himachal-pradesh) - [Jammu and Kashmir](https://www.energymap.in/states/jammu-kashmir) - [Ladakh](https://www.energymap.in/states/ladakh) - [Jharkhand](https://www.energymap.in/states/jharkhand) - [Karnataka](https://www.energymap.in/states/karnataka) - [Kerala](https://www.energymap.in/states/kerala) - [Lakshadweep](https://www.energymap.in/states/lakshadweep) - [Madhya Pradesh](https://www.energymap.in/states/madhya-pradesh) - [Maharashtra](https://www.energymap.in/states/maharashtra) - [Manipur](https://www.energymap.in/states/manipur) - [Meghalaya](https://www.energymap.in/states/meghalaya) - [Mizoram](https://www.energymap.in/states/mizoram) - [Nagaland](https://www.energymap.in/states/nagaland) - [Odisha](https://www.energymap.in/states/odisha) - [Puducherry](https://www.energymap.in/states/puducherry) - [Punjab](https://www.energymap.in/states/punjab) - [Rajasthan](https://www.energymap.in/states/rajasthan) - [Sikkim](https://www.energymap.in/states/sikkim) - [Tamil Nadu](https://www.energymap.in/states/tamil-nadu) - [Telangana](https://www.energymap.in/states/telangana) - [Tripura](https://www.energymap.in/states/tripura) - [Uttar Pradesh](https://www.energymap.in/states/uttar-pradesh) - [Uttarakhand](https://www.energymap.in/states/uttarakhand) - [West Bengal](https://www.energymap.in/states/west-bengal) ## Per-state structured-data endpoints (JSON) Each endpoint accepts a `state=` query parameter. Cache-Control: 5 min. Stable phrasing within an IST hour. - [State narrative (paragraphs + dataset refs)](https://www.energymap.in/api/intelligence/state-narrative?state=tamil-nadu) - [State JSON-LD (Place + Dataset + Observation)](https://www.energymap.in/api/intelligence/state-jsonld?state=tamil-nadu) - [Live state snapshot (panels + freshness)](https://www.energymap.in/api/intelligence/state-page-live?state=tamil-nadu) ## Lineage permalinks (one per cited dataset) - [fuel-carbon-scorecard](https://www.energymap.in/data/fuel-carbon-scorecard) - [interchange-attribution](https://www.energymap.in/data/interchange-attribution) - [state-mape-daily](https://www.energymap.in/data/state-mape-daily) - [solar-capture-rate](https://www.energymap.in/data/solar-capture-rate) - [residential-cost-curve](https://www.energymap.in/data/residential-cost-curve) - [state-interchange](https://www.energymap.in/data/state-interchange) - [calibration-log](https://www.energymap.in/data/calibration-log) - [iced-yearly-demand-profile](https://www.energymap.in/data/iced-yearly-demand-profile) - [iced-load-curve-hourly](https://www.energymap.in/data/iced-load-curve-hourly) - [iced-load-duration](https://www.energymap.in/data/iced-load-duration) ## License Content licensed under CC BY 4.0 — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Cite as: India Energy Atlas, . https://www.energymap.in.