# India Energy Atlas — LLM crawler manifest > Continuously-updated operating record of the Indian power system. > Live state demand, fuel mix, carbon intensity, market clearance, > tariffs, and infrastructure. Source-cited at the row level. ## Canonical entry points - [Homepage](https://www.energymap.in/) - [Grid AI — ask India's power grid anything](https://www.energymap.in/grid-ai) — the free India Energy Atlas AI assistant for the Indian power grid (a.k.a. Grid AI, Energy AI, India Energy AI, AI for energy). Ask in plain English about live electricity demand, generation fuel mix and renewable share, grid carbon intensity (gCO2/kWh), IEX market prices (DAM/RTM/GDAM), inter-state power flows and grid frequency; every answer is grounded in Atlas live data with a source citation. Also reachable at https://chat.energymap.in and https://gridai.energymap.in. - [Sitemap (XML)](https://www.energymap.in/sitemap.xml) - [Atlas Pro](https://www.energymap.in/pricing#pro) — subscription access to deeper history, exports, alerts and daily operating context. - [Data Shop](https://www.energymap.in/data-shop) — one-time purchase of documented electricity time series and infrastructure data packs. - [API data catalogue](https://www.energymap.in/developer/api-catalogue) — documented datasets, endpoints, coverage and authentication requirements. - [Energy Atlas MCP connector](https://www.energymap.in/developer/mcp) — connect Claude, ChatGPT or another MCP client to six core grid-data tools; Atlas Pro and above add five Data Centre tools for site screening, comparison, power-cost scenarios, evidence receipts and development bands. - [Custom data and research delivery](https://www.energymap.in/#access) — scoped datasets, research packages and delivery workflows for professional teams. - [Data catalogue](https://www.energymap.in/data) - [Coverage matrix](https://www.energymap.in/data/coverage) - [Public API docs](https://www.energymap.in/developer) - [Modeler tutorials — worked power-system studies](https://www.energymap.in/tutorials/modeler) — complete, reproducible studies run end to end against a real PyPSA + HiGHS solver on Indian grid data, each publishing its dataset, scenario, solve settings and result ids so the numbers can be re-derived: getting started, Data Shop evidence chains, a 30 MW single-site battery screen (https://www.energymap.in/tutorials/modeler/bess-project), a national 5 GW BESS siting study (https://www.energymap.in/tutorials/modeler/bess-siting-india), a 150 MW Dholera data-centre feasibility, and an agent-driven modelling guide. The national siting study finds that 98% of a 5 GW / 4 h fleet lands in the northern load pocket for delivery reasons rather than arbitrage, that halving duration costs the owner 35% of revenue while changing system value by 0.2%, that quadrupling the fleet halves total revenue, and that the model's dual-derived revenue is ~16x a perfect-foresight arbitrage benchmark priced on real IEX day-ahead data. - [Duck curve & winter camel / net load](https://www.energymap.in/duck-curve) — net demand (Demand−Solar−Wind) by hour-of-day and season on one consistent basis: the summer duck (May), the double-humped winter camel (January) and the flatter monsoon (July). The live, per-state companion to the EAC-PM working paper "The Duck and The Camel" (EAC-PM/WP/53/2026), independently reproducing its headline net-load numbers. ~35% midday turn-down, belly ~137 GW, evening/night peak ~210 GW, ~71 GW solar+wind at the belly; clean noon-solar growth ~33→65 GW (2021→2026); Rajasthan is the first-negative-net-load candidate. Open data, CC-BY, API /api/intelligence/net-demand. - [BESS Developer Workbench](https://www.energymap.in/bess) — live IEX DAM and RTM prices, tomorrow's DAM forecast, duck curve and congestion context, and storage revenue tools — one page for battery developers evaluating sites and bids in India. - [Grid congestion & curtailment](https://www.energymap.in/congestion) — where India's grid binds and where renewables are curtailed. Congestion inferred daily from IEX bid-area price separation by regional corridor (N/W/S/E/A → NR/WR/SR/ER/NER); a transparent per-state congestion stress index; and RE curtailment as officially reported by Grid-India's daily VRE report and state SLDC registers, with the dates held per state in the API. API /api/v1/congestion/*. ## India data centres - [India data centres](https://www.energymap.in/data-centres) — hub for India data-centre research: the published 2026 report, the live Data Centre Decision Map, and a training course. Report is delivered by email; the course is in development. - [India Data Centre Decision Map](https://www.energymap.in/dc-map) — live. Screens 227 data-centre sites against substations, transmission lines, fibre routes, internet exchange points, submarine cables, groundwater availability, operational SEZs and solar power plants. Atlas Pro adds site comparison, custom weights, power-cost scenarios, evidence receipts, regional signals, state alerts and memo exports. - [The India Data Centre Playbook](https://www.energymap.in/dc-course) — a 12-module course on Indian data-centre development: unit economics, site selection, grid interconnection, electrical topology, cooling, backup power, power procurement, carbon and 24/7 matching, operations, grid flexibility, monetization, capital stack and exit. Module 1 is open to everyone; the rest open with a free account. Every module has a written companion published in full. - [India Data Centre Review 2026](https://www.energymap.in/idcr) — free 166-page India data centre market report covering capacity, seven city markets, operators, investment, power, water, cooling, fiber, policy, ESG, and the 2030 outlook. Includes 14 source-linked chapters and 100+ exhibits. - [Chapter 01: India's Data Center Market at a Glance](https://www.energymap.in/idcr/market-at-a-glance) — India's data centre market has quadrupled from 350 MW to approximately 1.5 GW in six years, with a further 3.8 GW under construction or in advanced planning. Three hyperscalers — AWS, Microsoft, and Google — have collectively committed $45.2 billion in cloud and data centre infrastructure since October 2024, signalling a phase transition from opportunistic deployments to strategic, decade-long infrastructure bets. Vacancy rates in core markets have compressed to 4.3%, well below the APAC average, confirming structural undersupply. This chapter maps the forces driving the boom, quantifies execution risk by hyperscaler, examines geopolitical tailwinds from MENA instability, and presents scenario-weighted projections through 2030. The central finding: India's binding constraint is not demand but supply — specifically power grid capacity, water infrastructure, and regulatory throughput. - [Chapter 02: City-Level Deep Dives: Seven Markets Dissected](https://www.energymap.in/idcr/city-deep-dives) — India's data centre capacity is concentrated in seven cities that collectively account for 97% of operational capacity, but the geographic distribution is shifting rapidly. Mumbai commands 54% of national capacity through legacy infrastructure and submarine cable dominance, yet its share is declining as power constraints, water stress, and high costs drive operators to secondary markets. Hyderabad has emerged as the fastest-growing hub with an 8x pipeline-to-operational ratio, powered by Telangana's pioneering data centre policy. Chennai leverages six submarine cable systems as India's second international gateway. This chapter dissects each market across six dimensions — power, water, connectivity, policy, talent, and cost — providing a city-level scorecard framework, micromarket analysis within each hub, and an investor decision matrix for city selection by workload type, risk appetite, and capital size. The central thesis: India's data centre geography is deconcentrating along the same trajectory that took the US market from Northern Virginia dominance to a distributed national footprint, but compressed into a shorter time horizon. - [Chapter 03: Operator Landscape and Competitive Dynamics](https://www.energymap.in/idcr/operator-landscape) — How a dozen operators are shaping a $7B market — and who has the structural advantage. - [Chapter 04: Investment Flows, Deal Tracker, and Financial Benchmarks](https://www.energymap.in/idcr/investment-flows) — Tracking $100B+ in committed capital — from PE stakes to hyperscaler mega-projects. - [Chapter 05: Power Infrastructure Requirements and Constraints](https://www.energymap.in/idcr/power-infrastructure) — Electricity is the binding constraint on India's data centre ambitions. Power grid connection timelines, reliability gaps, and tariff structures determine capacity deployment more than capital availability, land, or demand. - [Chapter 06: Natural Gas and the Backup Power Transition](https://www.energymap.in/idcr/natural-gas) — Why diesel's dominance in data centre backup is ending — and how gas infrastructure can capture a $500M+ annual fuel opportunity - [Chapter 07: Renewable Energy Procurement](https://www.energymap.in/idcr/renewable-energy) — RE procurement pathways, the hourly-match math behind operator sustainability claims, and the carbon intensity data that separates credible 24/7 commitments from annualised accounting. - [Chapter 08: Water Stress and Cooling](https://www.energymap.in/idcr/water-and-cooling) — Water stress by basin, cooling technology trade-offs, and the permit tightening that is reshaping site selection across India's five largest markets. - [Chapter 09: Fiber Connectivity and Submarine Cable Infrastructure](https://www.energymap.in/idcr/fiber-connectivity) — India's lit submarine capacity surged 60% in a single year — yet the country still hosts just 1% of global cable landing stations. - [Chapter 10: Policy and Regulatory Landscape](https://www.energymap.in/idcr/policy-and-regulatory) — A versioned policy register through July 2026 separates operative state instruments from launches, reported amendments and proposals — while operators still navigate complex power, water and approval pathways. - [Chapter 11: Demand Drivers: AI, Cloud, 5G, and Digital Consumption](https://www.energymap.in/idcr/demand-drivers) — How AI inference, cloud migration, 5G edge deployments, and digital consumption compound into non-linear data centre demand — and why the ceiling keeps moving. - [Chapter 12: Global Benchmarking: India vs. Four Comparators](https://www.energymap.in/idcr/global-benchmarking) — How India's cost structure, policy environment, and infrastructure readiness compare against Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, and the UAE across twelve dimensions. - [Chapter 13: ESG, Sustainability, and the Transparency Gap](https://www.energymap.in/idcr/esg-sustainability) — India's data centre operators disclose less than any comparable market. The regulatory framework taking shape — and what it will require. - [Chapter 14: Outlook and Strategic Recommendations](https://www.energymap.in/idcr/outlook) — Forecast comparison, three capacity scenarios for 2030, infrastructure delivery requirements, and recommendations for principal stakeholders. ## State pages (live snapshots, 36 entries) - [State Metrics — live 3-column view of all states](https://www.energymap.in/states) - [Andaman and Nicobar Islands](https://www.energymap.in/states/andaman-nicobar) - [Andhra Pradesh](https://www.energymap.in/states/andhra-pradesh) - [Arunachal Pradesh](https://www.energymap.in/states/arunachal-pradesh) - [Assam](https://www.energymap.in/states/assam) - [Bihar](https://www.energymap.in/states/bihar) - [Chandigarh](https://www.energymap.in/states/chandigarh) - [Chhattisgarh](https://www.energymap.in/states/chhattisgarh) - [Delhi](https://www.energymap.in/states/delhi) - [Goa](https://www.energymap.in/states/goa) - [Gujarat](https://www.energymap.in/states/gujarat) - [Haryana](https://www.energymap.in/states/haryana) - [Himachal Pradesh](https://www.energymap.in/states/himachal-pradesh) - [Jammu and Kashmir](https://www.energymap.in/states/jammu-kashmir) - [Ladakh](https://www.energymap.in/states/ladakh) - [Jharkhand](https://www.energymap.in/states/jharkhand) - [Karnataka](https://www.energymap.in/states/karnataka) - [Kerala](https://www.energymap.in/states/kerala) - [Lakshadweep](https://www.energymap.in/states/lakshadweep) - [Madhya Pradesh](https://www.energymap.in/states/madhya-pradesh) - [Maharashtra](https://www.energymap.in/states/maharashtra) - [Manipur](https://www.energymap.in/states/manipur) - [Meghalaya](https://www.energymap.in/states/meghalaya) - [Mizoram](https://www.energymap.in/states/mizoram) - [Nagaland](https://www.energymap.in/states/nagaland) - [Odisha](https://www.energymap.in/states/odisha) - [Puducherry](https://www.energymap.in/states/puducherry) - [Punjab](https://www.energymap.in/states/punjab) - [Rajasthan](https://www.energymap.in/states/rajasthan) - [Sikkim](https://www.energymap.in/states/sikkim) - [Tamil Nadu](https://www.energymap.in/states/tamil-nadu) - [Telangana](https://www.energymap.in/states/telangana) - [Tripura](https://www.energymap.in/states/tripura) - [Uttar Pradesh](https://www.energymap.in/states/uttar-pradesh) - [Uttarakhand](https://www.energymap.in/states/uttarakhand) - [West Bengal](https://www.energymap.in/states/west-bengal) ## Per-state structured-data endpoints (JSON) Each endpoint accepts a `state=` query parameter. Cache-Control: 5 min. Stable phrasing within an IST hour. - [State narrative (paragraphs + dataset refs)](https://www.energymap.in/api/intelligence/state-narrative?state=tamil-nadu) - [State JSON-LD (Place + Dataset + Observation)](https://www.energymap.in/api/intelligence/state-jsonld?state=tamil-nadu) - [Live state snapshot (panels + freshness)](https://www.energymap.in/api/intelligence/state-page-live?state=tamil-nadu) ## Lineage permalinks (one per cited dataset) - [fuel-carbon-scorecard](https://www.energymap.in/data/fuel-carbon-scorecard) - [interchange-attribution](https://www.energymap.in/data/interchange-attribution) - [state-mape-daily](https://www.energymap.in/data/state-mape-daily) - [solar-capture-rate](https://www.energymap.in/data/solar-capture-rate) - [residential-cost-curve](https://www.energymap.in/data/residential-cost-curve) - [state-interchange](https://www.energymap.in/data/state-interchange) - [calibration-log](https://www.energymap.in/data/calibration-log) - [iced-yearly-demand-profile](https://www.energymap.in/data/iced-yearly-demand-profile) - [iced-load-curve-hourly](https://www.energymap.in/data/iced-load-curve-hourly) - [iced-load-duration](https://www.energymap.in/data/iced-load-duration) - [state-exchange-matrix-hourly](https://www.energymap.in/data/state-exchange-matrix-hourly) - [nldc-interregional-flows-daily](https://www.energymap.in/data/nldc-interregional-flows-daily) - [plant-generation-daily](https://www.energymap.in/data/plant-generation-daily) - [cea-coal-stock-daily](https://www.energymap.in/data/cea-coal-stock-daily) - [cea-thermal-outages-daily](https://www.energymap.in/data/cea-thermal-outages-daily) - [rldc-metered-re-15min](https://www.energymap.in/data/rldc-metered-re-15min) - [grid-frequency-15min](https://www.energymap.in/data/grid-frequency-15min) ## License Content licensed under CC BY 4.0 — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Cite as: India Energy Atlas, . https://www.energymap.in.