India Energy Atlas

Exchange prices

DAM daily average price

iex.dam.daily_avg

Definition: The simple mean of the clearing prices of the day's 96 fifteen-minute blocks. Market clearing price on the Indian Energy Exchange Day-Ahead Market, for one delivery day in IST.
Unit: ₹/MWh
Published by: Indian Energy Exchange (IEX)
Aggregation: One IST delivery day. Each 15-minute block counts once. A day is published only when all 96 blocks have cleared; with no day named, the newest complete day.
Refreshed: Daily, when the market clears at about 13:00 IST the day before delivery
Late after: 25 hours, measured from 00:00 IST of the day the value is for
Stale after: 49 hours
Stored in: atlas_intelligence.iex_market_data
Query: SELECT AVG(mcp_rs_mwh) FROM (SELECT DISTINCT ON (timestamp) timestamp, mcp_rs_mwh FROM atlas_intelligence.iex_market_data WHERE market_type = 'DAM' AND (timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'Asia/Kolkata')::date = :delivery_day ORDER BY timestamp) blocks
API: /api/metrics/iex.dam.daily_avg
Owner: Atlas data desk
Shown on: /iex-market /bess

DAM peak block price

iex.dam.max_block

Definition: The highest clearing price among the day's 96 fifteen-minute blocks. Market clearing price on the Indian Energy Exchange Day-Ahead Market, for one delivery day in IST.
Unit: ₹/MWh
Published by: Indian Energy Exchange (IEX)
Aggregation: One IST delivery day. Each 15-minute block counts once. A day is published only when all 96 blocks have cleared; with no day named, the newest complete day.
Refreshed: Daily, when the market clears at about 13:00 IST the day before delivery
Late after: 25 hours, measured from 00:00 IST of the day the value is for
Stale after: 49 hours
Stored in: atlas_intelligence.iex_market_data
Query: SELECT MAX(mcp_rs_mwh) FROM (SELECT DISTINCT ON (timestamp) timestamp, mcp_rs_mwh FROM atlas_intelligence.iex_market_data WHERE market_type = 'DAM' AND (timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'Asia/Kolkata')::date = :delivery_day ORDER BY timestamp) blocks
API: /api/metrics/iex.dam.max_block
Owner: Atlas data desk
Shown on: /iex-market /bess

DAM lowest block price

iex.dam.min_block

Definition: The lowest clearing price among the day's 96 fifteen-minute blocks. Market clearing price on the Indian Energy Exchange Day-Ahead Market, for one delivery day in IST.
Unit: ₹/MWh
Published by: Indian Energy Exchange (IEX)
Aggregation: One IST delivery day. Each 15-minute block counts once. A day is published only when all 96 blocks have cleared; with no day named, the newest complete day.
Refreshed: Daily, when the market clears at about 13:00 IST the day before delivery
Late after: 25 hours, measured from 00:00 IST of the day the value is for
Stale after: 49 hours
Stored in: atlas_intelligence.iex_market_data
Query: SELECT MIN(mcp_rs_mwh) FROM (SELECT DISTINCT ON (timestamp) timestamp, mcp_rs_mwh FROM atlas_intelligence.iex_market_data WHERE market_type = 'DAM' AND (timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'Asia/Kolkata')::date = :delivery_day ORDER BY timestamp) blocks
API: /api/metrics/iex.dam.min_block
Owner: Atlas data desk
Shown on: /iex-market /bess

DAM cleared energy

iex.dam.cleared_energy

Definition: Energy cleared on the IEX Day-Ahead Market for one delivery day: the sum over the day's 96 blocks of cleared volume in MW times a quarter hour.
Unit: MWh
Published by: Indian Energy Exchange (IEX)
Aggregation: One IST delivery day, each block once, published when all 96 blocks have cleared.
Refreshed: Daily, when the market clears at about 13:00 IST the day before delivery
Late after: 25 hours, measured from 00:00 IST of the day the value is for
Stale after: 49 hours
Stored in: atlas_intelligence.iex_market_data
Query: SELECT SUM(mcv_mw * 0.25) FROM (SELECT DISTINCT ON (timestamp) timestamp, mcv_mw FROM atlas_intelligence.iex_market_data WHERE market_type = 'DAM' AND (timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'Asia/Kolkata')::date = :delivery_day ORDER BY timestamp) blocks
API: /api/metrics/iex.dam.cleared_energy
Owner: Atlas data desk
Shown on: /iex-market

RTM daily average price

iex.rtm.daily_avg

Definition: The simple mean of the clearing prices of the day's 96 fifteen-minute blocks. Market clearing price on the Indian Energy Exchange Real-Time Market, for one delivery day in IST.
Unit: ₹/MWh
Published by: Indian Energy Exchange (IEX)
Aggregation: One IST delivery day. Each 15-minute block counts once. A day is published only when all 96 blocks have cleared; with no day named, the newest complete day.
Refreshed: Every 15 minutes; a delivery day is complete after its 23:45 block clears
Late after: 49 hours, measured from 00:00 IST of the day the value is for
Stale after: 73 hours
Stored in: atlas_intelligence.iex_market_data
Query: SELECT AVG(mcp_rs_mwh) FROM (SELECT DISTINCT ON (timestamp) timestamp, mcp_rs_mwh FROM atlas_intelligence.iex_market_data WHERE market_type = 'RTM' AND (timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'Asia/Kolkata')::date = :delivery_day ORDER BY timestamp) blocks
API: /api/metrics/iex.rtm.daily_avg
Owner: Atlas data desk

RTM peak block price

iex.rtm.max_block

Definition: The highest clearing price among the day's 96 fifteen-minute blocks. Market clearing price on the Indian Energy Exchange Real-Time Market, for one delivery day in IST.
Unit: ₹/MWh
Published by: Indian Energy Exchange (IEX)
Aggregation: One IST delivery day. Each 15-minute block counts once. A day is published only when all 96 blocks have cleared; with no day named, the newest complete day.
Refreshed: Every 15 minutes; a delivery day is complete after its 23:45 block clears
Late after: 49 hours, measured from 00:00 IST of the day the value is for
Stale after: 73 hours
Stored in: atlas_intelligence.iex_market_data
Query: SELECT MAX(mcp_rs_mwh) FROM (SELECT DISTINCT ON (timestamp) timestamp, mcp_rs_mwh FROM atlas_intelligence.iex_market_data WHERE market_type = 'RTM' AND (timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'Asia/Kolkata')::date = :delivery_day ORDER BY timestamp) blocks
API: /api/metrics/iex.rtm.max_block
Owner: Atlas data desk

RTM lowest block price

iex.rtm.min_block

Definition: The lowest clearing price among the day's 96 fifteen-minute blocks. Market clearing price on the Indian Energy Exchange Real-Time Market, for one delivery day in IST.
Unit: ₹/MWh
Published by: Indian Energy Exchange (IEX)
Aggregation: One IST delivery day. Each 15-minute block counts once. A day is published only when all 96 blocks have cleared; with no day named, the newest complete day.
Refreshed: Every 15 minutes; a delivery day is complete after its 23:45 block clears
Late after: 49 hours, measured from 00:00 IST of the day the value is for
Stale after: 73 hours
Stored in: atlas_intelligence.iex_market_data
Query: SELECT MIN(mcp_rs_mwh) FROM (SELECT DISTINCT ON (timestamp) timestamp, mcp_rs_mwh FROM atlas_intelligence.iex_market_data WHERE market_type = 'RTM' AND (timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'Asia/Kolkata')::date = :delivery_day ORDER BY timestamp) blocks
API: /api/metrics/iex.rtm.min_block
Owner: Atlas data desk

G-DAM daily average price

iex.gdam.daily_avg

Definition: The simple mean of the clearing prices of the day's 96 fifteen-minute blocks. Market clearing price on the Indian Energy Exchange Green Day-Ahead Market, for one delivery day in IST.
Unit: ₹/MWh
Published by: Indian Energy Exchange (IEX)
Aggregation: One IST delivery day. Each 15-minute block counts once. A day is published only when all 96 blocks have cleared; with no day named, the newest complete day.
Refreshed: Daily, when the market clears at about 13:00 IST the day before delivery
Late after: 25 hours, measured from 00:00 IST of the day the value is for
Stale after: 49 hours
Stored in: atlas_intelligence.iex_green_dam
Query: SELECT AVG(mcp_rs_mwh) FROM (SELECT DISTINCT ON (timestamp) timestamp, mcp_rs_mwh FROM atlas_intelligence.iex_green_dam WHERE (timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'Asia/Kolkata')::date = :delivery_day ORDER BY timestamp) blocks
API: /api/metrics/iex.gdam.daily_avg
Owner: Atlas data desk

G-DAM peak block price

iex.gdam.max_block

Definition: The highest clearing price among the day's 96 fifteen-minute blocks. Market clearing price on the Indian Energy Exchange Green Day-Ahead Market, for one delivery day in IST.
Unit: ₹/MWh
Published by: Indian Energy Exchange (IEX)
Aggregation: One IST delivery day. Each 15-minute block counts once. A day is published only when all 96 blocks have cleared; with no day named, the newest complete day.
Refreshed: Daily, when the market clears at about 13:00 IST the day before delivery
Late after: 25 hours, measured from 00:00 IST of the day the value is for
Stale after: 49 hours
Stored in: atlas_intelligence.iex_green_dam
Query: SELECT MAX(mcp_rs_mwh) FROM (SELECT DISTINCT ON (timestamp) timestamp, mcp_rs_mwh FROM atlas_intelligence.iex_green_dam WHERE (timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'Asia/Kolkata')::date = :delivery_day ORDER BY timestamp) blocks
API: /api/metrics/iex.gdam.max_block
Owner: Atlas data desk

G-DAM lowest block price

iex.gdam.min_block

Definition: The lowest clearing price among the day's 96 fifteen-minute blocks. Market clearing price on the Indian Energy Exchange Green Day-Ahead Market, for one delivery day in IST.
Unit: ₹/MWh
Published by: Indian Energy Exchange (IEX)
Aggregation: One IST delivery day. Each 15-minute block counts once. A day is published only when all 96 blocks have cleared; with no day named, the newest complete day.
Refreshed: Daily, when the market clears at about 13:00 IST the day before delivery
Late after: 25 hours, measured from 00:00 IST of the day the value is for
Stale after: 49 hours
Stored in: atlas_intelligence.iex_green_dam
Query: SELECT MIN(mcp_rs_mwh) FROM (SELECT DISTINCT ON (timestamp) timestamp, mcp_rs_mwh FROM atlas_intelligence.iex_green_dam WHERE (timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'Asia/Kolkata')::date = :delivery_day ORDER BY timestamp) blocks
API: /api/metrics/iex.gdam.min_block
Owner: Atlas data desk

Demand

All-India demand now

demand.national.latest

Definition: The latest measured all-India electricity demand met, in MW, from the national 4-minute demand series.
Unit: MW
Published by: Ministry of Power National Power Portal (Grid-India demand met)
Aggregation: None: the newest measured 4-minute reading. Provisional readings, carried-forward rows and future timestamps are skipped.
Refreshed: Every 4 minutes
Late after: 20 minutes, measured from the time of the reading
Stale after: 1 h 0 min
Stored in: atlas_intelligence.national_demand_4min
Query: SELECT ts_utc, demand_mw FROM atlas_intelligence.national_demand_4min WHERE source = 'merit_4min' ORDER BY ts_utc DESC LIMIT 1
API: /api/metrics/demand.national.latest
Owner: Atlas data desk
Shown on: /states

All-India peak demand

demand.national.peak_daily

Definition: The highest all-India demand of one day, in MW, as reported in Grid-India's Daily Power Supply Position report.
Unit: MW
Published by: Grid Controller of India (Grid-India NLDC)
Aggregation: One calendar day, as published; no recomputation.
Refreshed: Daily, the morning after the day it reports
Late after: 36 hours, measured from 00:00 IST of the day the value is for
Stale after: 3 days
Stored in: atlas_intelligence.posoco_psp_daily
Query: SELECT date, peak_demand_mw FROM atlas_intelligence.posoco_psp_daily WHERE region = 'ALL_INDIA' ORDER BY date DESC LIMIT 1
API: /api/metrics/demand.national.peak_daily
Owner: Atlas data desk
Shown on: /psp-daily

All-India energy met

demand.national.energy_met_daily

Definition: All-India electricity supplied in one day, in million units (GWh), as reported in Grid-India's Daily Power Supply Position report.
Unit: MU
Published by: Grid Controller of India (Grid-India NLDC)
Aggregation: One calendar day, as published; no recomputation.
Refreshed: Daily, the morning after the day it reports
Late after: 36 hours, measured from 00:00 IST of the day the value is for
Stale after: 3 days
Stored in: atlas_intelligence.posoco_psp_daily
Query: SELECT date, energy_met_mu FROM atlas_intelligence.posoco_psp_daily WHERE region = 'ALL_INDIA' ORDER BY date DESC LIMIT 1
API: /api/metrics/demand.national.energy_met_daily
Owner: Atlas data desk

State peak demand met

demand.state.peak_daily

Definition: The maximum demand a state met in one day, in MW, as reported for the state in Grid-India's Daily Power Supply Position report.
Unit: MW, per state
Published by: Grid Controller of India (Grid-India NLDC)
Aggregation: One calendar day, as published; the newest day for the state.
Refreshed: Daily, the morning after the day it reports
Late after: 36 hours, measured from 00:00 IST of the day the value is for
Stale after: 3 days
Stored in: atlas_intelligence.posoco_psp_daily
Query: SELECT date, COALESCE(peak_demand_met_mw, peak_demand_mw) FROM atlas_intelligence.posoco_psp_daily WHERE state = :state ORDER BY date DESC LIMIT 1
API: /api/metrics/demand.state.peak_daily
Owner: Atlas data desk

State energy met

demand.state.energy_met_daily

Definition: Electricity a state was supplied in one day, in million units (GWh), as reported in Grid-India's Daily Power Supply Position report.
Unit: MU, per state
Published by: Grid Controller of India (Grid-India NLDC)
Aggregation: One calendar day, as published; the newest day for the state.
Refreshed: Daily, the morning after the day it reports
Late after: 36 hours, measured from 00:00 IST of the day the value is for
Stale after: 3 days
Stored in: atlas_intelligence.posoco_psp_daily
Query: SELECT date, energy_met_mu FROM atlas_intelligence.posoco_psp_daily WHERE state = :state ORDER BY date DESC LIMIT 1
API: /api/metrics/demand.state.energy_met_daily
Owner: Atlas data desk

Capacity in the plant register

Installed capacity

capacity.installed.total

Definition: India's installed utility generation capacity, in MW, from the Central Electricity Authority's monthly Installed Capacity Report. The report's rows are held per state and again per region; the state rows are summed, so each megawatt counts once.
Unit: MW
Published by: Central Electricity Authority (CEA), Installed Capacity Report
Aggregation: Sum of the report's state rows. Refused (no value) if the region rows disagree by more than 1%, if the total is outside 300–1,000 GW, or if renewable capacity is not positive and below the total.
Refreshed: Monthly, when CEA publishes its Installed Capacity Report (about three weeks after the as-on date)
Late after: 50 days, measured from the date the snapshot was built
Stale after: 90 days
Stored in: atlas_intelligence.power_plants
Query: SELECT SUM(capacity_mw) FROM atlas_intelligence.power_plants WHERE state_slug NOT IN ('northern', 'western', 'southern', 'eastern', 'north-eastern')
API: /api/metrics/capacity.installed.total
Owner: Atlas data desk
Shown on: /renewables

Installed renewable capacity

capacity.installed.renewable

Definition: CEA's renewable capacity: large hydro plus RES (solar, wind, small hydro, bio-power), in MW, summed once across states.
Unit: MW
Published by: Central Electricity Authority (CEA), Installed Capacity Report
Aggregation: Sum of the report's state rows for the renewable and hydro buckets.
Refreshed: Monthly, when CEA publishes its Installed Capacity Report (about three weeks after the as-on date)
Late after: 50 days, measured from the date the snapshot was built
Stale after: 90 days
Stored in: atlas_intelligence.power_plants
Query: SELECT SUM(capacity_mw) FROM atlas_intelligence.power_plants WHERE fuel_type IN ('renewable', 'hydro') AND state_slug NOT IN ('northern', 'western', 'southern', 'eastern', 'north-eastern')
API: /api/metrics/capacity.installed.renewable
Owner: Atlas data desk
Shown on: /renewables

Installed capacity, by source

capacity.installed.by_source

Definition: India's installed utility capacity split by source (coal, lignite, gas, diesel, nuclear, large hydro, RES), in MW, from the CEA report's state rows.
Unit: MW, per fuel
Published by: Central Electricity Authority (CEA), Installed Capacity Report
Aggregation: Sum of the report's state rows per source.
Refreshed: Monthly, when CEA publishes its Installed Capacity Report (about three weeks after the as-on date)
Late after: 50 days, measured from the date the snapshot was built
Stale after: 90 days
Stored in: atlas_intelligence.power_plants
Query: SELECT LOWER(fuel_type), SUM(capacity_mw) FROM atlas_intelligence.power_plants WHERE state_slug NOT IN ('northern', 'western', 'southern', 'eastern', 'north-eastern') GROUP BY 1
API: /api/metrics/capacity.installed.by_source
Owner: Atlas data desk
Shown on: /renewables

Map layers

Substations on the map

grid.substations.count

Definition: The number of substations drawn on /map, from the Atlas national infrastructure snapshot: every voltage, distribution yards included, across all 36 states and union territories.
Unit: substations
Published by: India Energy Atlas national infrastructure snapshot
Aggregation: Count of substation features in the snapshot.
Refreshed: When the snapshot is rebuilt
Late after: 45 days, measured from the date the snapshot was built
Stale after: 120 days
Stored in: data/map-explorer/manifest.json
Query: layers.substations.count
API: /api/metrics/grid.substations.count
Owner: Atlas data desk
Shown on: /map /dc-map

Transmission lines on the map

grid.transmission_lines.count

Definition: The number of transmission line features drawn on /map, all voltages.
Unit: lines
Published by: India Energy Atlas national infrastructure snapshot
Aggregation: Count of line features in the snapshot.
Refreshed: When the snapshot is rebuilt
Late after: 45 days, measured from the date the snapshot was built
Stale after: 120 days
Stored in: data/map-explorer/manifest.json
Query: layers.transmission.count
API: /api/metrics/grid.transmission_lines.count
Owner: Atlas data desk
Shown on: /map

Power plants on the map

grid.power_plants.count

Definition: The number of power plant points drawn on /map, of any size and fuel. It counts more plants than the plant register, which holds only plants with a capacity record.
Unit: plants
Published by: India Energy Atlas national infrastructure snapshot
Aggregation: Count of plant features in the snapshot.
Refreshed: When the snapshot is rebuilt
Late after: 45 days, measured from the date the snapshot was built
Stale after: 120 days
Stored in: data/map-explorer/manifest.json
Query: layers.plants.count
API: /api/metrics/grid.power_plants.count
Owner: Atlas data desk
Shown on: /map

Known data centre sites

grid.dc_sites.count

Definition: The number of known data centre and colocation sites on the data centre map.
Unit: sites
Published by: India Energy Atlas national infrastructure snapshot
Aggregation: Count of sites in the snapshot.
Refreshed: When the snapshot is rebuilt
Late after: 45 days, measured from the date the snapshot was built
Stale after: 120 days
Stored in: data/map-explorer/context-manifest.json
Query: layers.dc_colocation.count
API: /api/metrics/grid.dc_sites.count
Owner: Atlas data desk
Shown on: /dc-map

Operational SEZs

grid.sezs.count

Definition: The number of operational Special Economic Zones drawn on the data centre map: the 275 of the 276 in the Department of Commerce list of 31 December 2025 that could be located.
Unit: SEZs
Published by: India Energy Atlas national infrastructure snapshot
Aggregation: Count of zones in the snapshot.
Refreshed: When the snapshot is rebuilt
Late after: 45 days, measured from the date the snapshot was built
Stale after: 120 days
Stored in: data/map-explorer/context-manifest.json
Query: layers.operational_sezs_2025.count
API: /api/metrics/grid.sezs.count
Owner: Atlas data desk
Shown on: /dc-map

Network model

Nodes in the network model

network_model.nodes

Definition: Substations and line junctions in the India Grid Graph release the Substation Tracker's power-flow model runs on. Junctions make this larger than a substation count.
Unit: nodes
Published by: India Grid Graph (IGG) v1.0.0, the release the Substation Tracker's power-flow model runs on
Aggregation: Count of graph nodes in the release.
Refreshed: When the snapshot is rebuilt
Late after: 45 days, measured from the date the snapshot was built
Stale after: 120 days
Stored in: igg-releases/v1.0.0/manifest.json
Query: counts.nodes
API: /api/metrics/network_model.nodes
Owner: Atlas data desk
Shown on: /substation-tracker

Lines in the network model

network_model.lines

Definition: Transmission lines (graph edges) in the same India Grid Graph release.
Unit: lines
Published by: India Grid Graph (IGG) v1.0.0, the release the Substation Tracker's power-flow model runs on
Aggregation: Count of graph edges in the release.
Refreshed: When the snapshot is rebuilt
Late after: 45 days, measured from the date the snapshot was built
Stale after: 120 days
Stored in: igg-releases/v1.0.0/manifest.json
Query: counts.edges
API: /api/metrics/network_model.lines
Owner: Atlas data desk
Shown on: /substation-tracker

States in the network model

network_model.states

Definition: States and union territories the same India Grid Graph release covers, of India's 36. The v1.0.0 release has nodes in 34; later releases cover 35.
Unit: states and UTs
Published by: India Grid Graph (IGG) v1.0.0, the release the Substation Tracker's power-flow model runs on
Aggregation: Count of states and union territories with at least one node.
Refreshed: When the snapshot is rebuilt
Late after: 45 days, measured from the date the snapshot was built
Stale after: 120 days
Stored in: igg-releases/v1.0.0/manifest.json
Query: national_metrics.states_covered
API: /api/metrics/network_model.states
Owner: Atlas data desk
Shown on: /substation-tracker

Carbon intensity

All-India carbon intensity

carbon.national.latest

Definition: Grams of CO₂ per kWh of electricity generated in India in the latest hour, from the hourly generation mix and per-fuel emission factors. Production-based: imports are not counted.
Unit: gCO₂/kWh
Published by: India Energy Atlas, from Grid-India generation data
Aggregation: Generation-weighted over fuels for one hour.
Refreshed: Hourly
Late after: 2 hours, measured from the time of the reading
Stale after: 6 hours
Stored in: atlas_intelligence.hourly_fuel_mix_canonical
Query: Hourly fuel mix for 'all india' times per-fuel emission factors, newest hour (fetch_carbon_intensity)
API: /api/metrics/carbon.national.latest
Owner: Atlas data desk

State carbon intensity

carbon.state.latest

Definition: Grams of CO₂ per kWh generated inside a state in the latest hour, production-based.
Unit: gCO₂/kWh, per state
Published by: India Energy Atlas, from Grid-India and state generation data
Aggregation: Generation-weighted over fuels for one hour, per state.
Refreshed: Hourly
Late after: 2 hours, measured from the time of the reading
Stale after: 6 hours
Stored in: atlas_intelligence.hourly_fuel_mix_canonical
Query: Hourly fuel mix per state times per-fuel emission factors, newest hour per state (fetch_carbon_intensity)
API: /api/metrics/carbon.state.latest
Owner: Atlas data desk

Methodology